Systema Respiratorium

ANTHONY S. KING

With contributions from subcommittee members: A. S. Gaunt, J. N. Maina, and G. A. Zweers.

 

CAVUM NASI [CAVITAS NASALIS]
Naris1
         Operculum nasale2
         Lamella verticalis naris3 
Choana (Diges. Fig. 1)
         Pars rostralis4
         Pars caudalis5
Septum nasale (Osteo. Annot. 55)
Concha nasalis rostralis6
Concha nasalis media 7
Concha nasalis caudalis8
Concha nasalis septalis9
Meatus nasalis 10
Valvula nasalislI
Crista nasalis12
Regio vestibularis 13
         Epithelium stratificatum squamosum noncornificatum
Regio respiratoria 14
         Tunica mucosa respiratoria38
                  Epithelium pseudostratificatum columnare ciliatum
                           Epitheliocytus ciliatus
                           Exocrinocytus caliciformis38
                           Epitheliocytus basalis
                           Glandulae mucosae
Regio olfactoria 15
         Epithelium olfactorium
                  Epitheliocytus neurosensorius olfactorius
                           Dendritum
                           Cilium
                           Axon
                  Epitheliocytus sustenans
                  Epitheliocytus basalis
         Glandula olfactoria
Cisterna vestibularis16
Sinus septalis16
Sinus infraorbitalis [Sinus antorbitalis] 17
         Sinus conchoinfraorbitalis [S. conchoantorbitalis]18
         Apertura sinus infraorbitalis [A.s. antorbitalis]19
Ostium ductus nasolacrimalis
Glandula nasalis20
         Lobus medialis20
                  Ductus lobi medialis
         Lobus lateralis20
                  Ductus lobi lateralis
Diverticula cervicocephalica21
         Recessus pneumatici paratympanici
         Recessus pneumatici paranasales
LARYNX
Mons laryngealis22
Cavum laryngis [Cavitas laryngealis]
         Glottis23
                  Sulcus laryngealis24
         Crista ventralis26
Tunica mucosa respiratoria38
         Epithelium pseudostratificatum columnare ciliatum
                  Epitheliocytus ciliatus
                  Exocrinocytus caliciformis38
                  Epitheliocytus basalis
                  Glandulae mucosae
Cartt. laryngis [Cartt.laryngeales]
         Cart. cricoidea
                  Proc. rostralis25
                  Corpus25
                  Ala27
                  Cart. cricoidea dorsalis27
Cart. procricoidea28
         Corpus28
         Cauda28
Cart. arytenoidea
         Corpus
         Proc. rostralis
         Proc. caudalis29
Juncturae laryngis [J. laryngeales]30
         Juncturae procricoideae31
                  Artc. procrico-cricoidea31
                           Lig. procrico-cricoideum31
         Artc. procrico-cricoidea dorsalis31
                  Lig. procrico-cricoideum dorsale31
         Artc. procrico-arytenoidea31
Juncturae arytenoideae32
         Synd. aryteno-cricoidea32
                  Lig. aryteno-cricoideum32
         Synd. aryteno-cricoidea dorsalis32
                  Lig. aryteno-cricoideum dorsale32
         Synd. intra-arytenoidea32
         Synd. interarytenoidea32
                  Lig. interarytenoideum caudale32
                  Lig. interarytenoideum rostrale32
Juncturae cricoideae33
         Artc. crico-cricoidea dorsalis33
         Synd. crico-cricoidea dorsalis33
                  Lig. crico-cricoideum dorsale33
         Synd. intercricoidea33
         Artc. intercricoidea dorsalis33
                  Lig. intercricoideum dorsale33
         Lig. tracheo-cricoideum34
         Lig. tracheo-cricoideum dorsale34
         Synd. cricobasibranchialis34
                  Lig. cricobasihyale34
                  Lig. arytenoglossale34
Mm. laryngis [Mm. laryngeales]
         M. dilator glottidis35
         M. constrictor glottidis35
         M. cleidohyoideus50
         M. tracheoiateralis50
         M. cricohyoideus dorsalis50
         M. cricohyoideus ventralis50
         M. tracheoval vularis50
         M. hyovalvularis50
Vasa Sanguinea et Nervi Laryngis
         Aa. hyobranchiales
                  A. laryngea propria (Art. Annot 33)
         V. mandibularis
                  V. lingualis
                           V.laryngea
N. glossopharyngeus Annot. 33)
         N. laryngopharyngealis (PNS Annot. 63)
                  N. laryngealis
                           Rr. musculares (PNS Annot. 63)
                           Rr. laryngotracheales (PNS Annot.63)

TRACHEA
Cartt. tracheales3
Tunica mucosa respiratoria38
         Epithelium pseudostratificatum columnare ciliatum
         Epitheliocytus ciliatus 
         Exocrinocytus caliciformis38 
         Epitheliocytus microvillosus38 
         Epitheliocytus basalis 
         Endocrinocytus respiratorius38 
         Glandulae mucosae
Ansa trachealis36
Saccus trachealis36
Bulbus trachealis36
Mm. tracheales50
         M. sternotrachealis50
         M. tracheolateralis50
         M. cleidotrachealis50
         M. cleidohyoideus50
Vasa Sanguinea et Nervi Tracheae
         A. carotis communis
                  A. esophagotracheobronchialis
                           R. trachealis
         A. carotis externa
                  A. trachealis descendens
         V. esophagotrachealis
                  V. trachealis descendens
         V. jugularis
                  V. trachealis descendens
                  Vv. tracheales
                  V. trachealis ascendens
N. glossopharyngeus
         N. laryngealis
                  Rr. tracheales
N. vagus
         N. recurrens
                  Rr. musculorum tracheae
N. hypoglosscervicalis
         R. cervicalis descendens (pNS Annot. 30)
         R. tracheosyringealis
                  Rr. tracheales (PNS Annot. 31)
 
SYRINX
Cavum syringis [Cavitas syringealis]
         Tunica mucosa respiratoria38
                  Epithelium pseudostratificatum columnare ciliatum
                  Epitheliocytus ciliatus
                  Exocrinocytus caliciformis38
                  Epitheliocytus basalis
                  Glandulae mucosae
         Epithelium simplex columnare ciliatum
         Epithelium stratificatum squamosum noncornificatum
         Epithelium simplex squamosum
Tympanum39
Bulla syringealis40
Cartt. syringeales
         Cartt. tracheosyringeales41
         Cartt. bronchosyringeales42
         Pessulus43
                  Mem. semilunaris44
         Cartt. accessoriae45
                  Cartt. membranosae
                           Cart. membranosa dorsalis45
                           Cart. membranosa ventralis45
         Proc. vocalis45
Lig. interbronchiale46
         Foramen interbronchiale46
Lig. syringeale46
Mem. tympaniformis lateralis47
Mem. tracheosyringealis47
Mem. tympaniformis medialis48
Labium laterale49
Labium mediale49
Valvula syringealis49
Mm. syringeales5051
         M. tracheobronchialis dorsalis51
         M. tracheobronchialis brevis51
         M. tracheobronchialis ventralis51
         M. syringealis dorsalis51
         M. syringealis ventralis51
         M. vocalis dorsalis51
         M. vocalis ventralis51
         M. obliquus ventralis51
         M. obliquus lateralis51
         M. syringealis superficialis51
         M. syringealis profundus51
         M. syringealis caudalis51
         M. syringealis51
Vasa Sanguinea et Nervi Syringis
         A. carotis communis
         A. esophagotracheobronchialis
                  R. syringealis
         V. jugularis
                  V. esophagotracheobronchialis
                           Vv. syringeales
         N. hypoglossocervicalis
                  R. tracheosyringealis (PNS Annot. 31)
                           R. syringealis (PNS Annot. 31 32)
 
BRONCHUS PRIMARIUS, PARS EXTRAPULMONALIS 52
Cartt. bronchiales52
         Memm. interanulares52
Lig. bronchiale mediale52
Tunica mucosa respiratoria38
         Epithelium pseudostratificatum columnare ciliatum
         Epitheliocytus ciliatus
         Exocrinocytus caliciformis38
         Epitheliocytus basalis
         Endocrinocytus respiratorius38
         Glandulae mucosae
 
PULMO
Neopulmo57
Paleopulmo57
Facies costalis53
Facies vertebralis53
Facies septalis53
Sulci costales54
Tori pulmonales54
         Tori intercostales54
         Tori marginales54
                  Torus marginalis cranialis
                  Torus marginalis caudalis
Margo costovertebralis55
Margo costoseptalis55
Margo vertebroseptalis55
Margo cranialis55
Margo caudalis55
Angulus craniodorsalis55
Angulus caudodorsalis55
Angulus cranioventralis55
Angulus caudoventralis55
Hilus pulmonalis
Planum anastomoticum56
         Linea anastomotica56
 
BRONCHUS PRIMARIUS, PARS INTRAPULMONALlS 58
Tunica mucosa respiratoria38
         Epithelium pseudostratificatum columnare ciliatum
         Epitheliocytus ciliatus
         Exocrinocytus caliciformis38
         Epitheliocytus basalis
         Endocrinocytus respiratorius38
         Glandulae mucosae
Bronchi secundarii59
         Bronchi medioventrales60
         Bronchi mediodorsales61
         Bronchi lateroventrales62
         Bronchi laterodorsales63
                  Epitheliocytus cuboideus38
                  Epitheliocytus squamosus38
BRONCHUS PRIMARIUS, PARS INTRAPULMONALlS58 (cont.)
Parabronchus64
         Epitheliocytus squamosus38
Atrium65
         Epitheliocytus squamosus38
         Epitheliocytus granularis69
         M. atrialis66
         Septum interatriale67
Infundibulum68
         Epitheliocytus squamosus38
Pneumocapillaris71 (Fig. 22)
         Epitheliocytus respiratorius 72
Septum interparabronchiale 70
Ostium73
         Saccobronchus 74
Vasa Sanguinea et Lymphatica et Nervi Pulmonis
         Arteria pulmonalis (Art.)
                  Rr. cranialisl/ caudomedialis/caudolateralis/accessorius
                           Aa. interparabronchiales 75
                                    Arteriolae intraparabronchiales 75
         A. carotis communis
                  A. esophagotracheobronchialis
                           R. bronchialis75
         V. pulmonalis (yen.)
         Rdxx. cranialis/ caudomedialis/caudolateralis
                  Vv. interparabronchiales75
         Vv. intraparabronchiales75
                  Vv. atriales75
                  Venulae septales75
                  Venulae intraparabronchiales 75
         Vv. bronchiales75
         V. esophagotrachealis
                  V. esophagealis
                  Vv. bronchiales75
Truncus thoracoabdorninalis
         Vasa 1. thoracica interna (Lym. Annot.27)
                  Vasa 1. pulmonalia superficialia
         Vas 1. pulmonale commune (Lym. Annot. 29)
         Vas 1. pulmonale profundum dextrum
         Vas 1. pulmonale profundum sinistrum
N. vagus
         Rr. pulmonales (PNS Annot. 70)
         N. recurrens
                  Rr. bronchiales
                  N. pulmoesophagealis (pNS Annot. 79)
                           R. pulmonalis
                                    Plexus pulmonalis
SACCI PNEUMATICI 76
Saccus cervicalis 77
         Diverticula vertebralia 78
         Diverticula interrnuscularia 79
         Diverticula subcutanea80
Saccus clavicularis81
         Pars medialis82
         Pars lateralis82
Diverticula intrathoracica83
         Diverticula cardiaca83
         Diverticula sternalia83
Diverticula extrathoracica84
         Diverticulum subscapulare84
                  Diverticula subcutanea84
         Diverticulum axillare84
                  Diverticulum humerale
                  Diverticula subcutanea
         Diverticulum subpectorale
                  Diverticula subcutanea
         Diverticulum suprahumerale
Saccus thoracicus cranialis85
Saccus thoracicus caudalis85
Saccus abdominalis86
         Diverticula perirenalia87
         Diverticula femoralia87
Ossa pneumatica88 (Osteo. Annot. 23 88)
         Foramen pneumaticum89
         Pori pneumatici89
 

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